Beer School › Lager & Pilsner · Smooth & Rounded
Helles
Helles is a golden-yellow lager from Munich: softly malty, with little bitterness and a soft, dry finish. 'Hell' refers to the pale colour, not to low alcohol.
- Alcoholusually 4.7–5.4%
- Entry levelEasy to start with
How it usually tastes
- Bitter
- Sweet
- Sour
- Roasted
- Fruity
- Full
Average for this style; every beer has its own accent.
What is it?
Myth or fact?
Myth
‘Helles is a light beer with little alcohol.’
'Hell' means light in colour. A helles usually has 4.7–5.4% alcohol, about the same as a pils, and a helles bock even reaches 6.3–7.4%.
Myth
‘Helles is the centuries-old beer of Munich.’
Helles is younger than pils. According to the BJCP it originated in 1894, and in Munich dunkel remained the favourite beer until the Second World War.
Myth
‘Helles is simply the Bavarian name for pils.’
They are two styles. Helles is about soft malt and has little bitterness; German pils is drier, hoppier and clearly more bitter.
Where does it come from?
How to pour it
A good starting point: 7–10 °C in a narrow, tall glass (CraftBeer.com recommends a flute glass), and as fresh as possible.
Similar to: Lager & Pilsner, Pilsner
Terms
- Bottom fermentation (low fermentation)
- Fermentation with lager yeast at lower temperatures, in which the yeast sinks to the bottom, as with pilsner and other lagers.
- Malt
- Grain, usually barley but for example also wheat, that has been steeped, germinated and dried so that sugars become available for the yeast; the more strongly the malt is roasted, the darker the beer.
- Mouthfeel / body
- How a beer feels in your mouth: how full or thin it is (the body), how much carbonation it has and whether it is, for example, creamy or rather astringent.
- Finish
- The flavour and aroma that linger after you have swallowed the beer, for example a long-lingering bitterness.
- Lagering
- Letting beer, especially bottom-fermented beer, mature cold for a time after fermentation, so that yeast and proteins can settle and the flavour improves; the word comes from the German 'lagern', to store.
Sources for this page
- BJCP 2021 Style Guidelines — 4A Munich Helles
- BJCP 2021 Style Guidelines — 5C German Helles Exportbier
- BJCP 2021 Style Guidelines — 5D German Pils
- Brewers Association 2026 Beer Style Guidelines, published by the Brewers Association
- Historisches Lexikon Bayerns — Bier
- Ron Pattinson, Shut up about Barclay Perkins — Beer colour in Munich (2009)
- Ron Pattinson, Shut up about Barclay Perkins — German brewing in 1966 (2014)
- Deutscher Brauer-Bund — persbericht Bilanz Biermarkt 2025 (februari 2026)
- CraftBeer.com (Brewers Association) — German-Style Helles